Isolation and Identification of Helicobacter Pylori from RTE Foods: Dhamar Governorate in Yemen as a Case Study
This study was designed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori in RTE foods at Dhamar Governorate from January until June 2021. Two hundred and eighty (280) samples were collected in this works; these samples included (85) chicken sandwiches, (80) Red meat sandwiches, and (115) Salad. Our result indicates that the total prevalence and isolation percentage of H. pylori from all collected samples was 37/280 (13.2%). The highest rate of pollution with H. pylori was found in Salad 17/115(14.8%), then in red meat sandwich 11/80(13.8%), while the lowest rate of occurrence was found in Chicken sandwich 9/85(10.6%). There is no significant difference between the isolation of Hp from different types of RTE foods and months. When we study the relationship between months and incidence of Hp during the research period, the results show that the highest rate of isolation of Hp from different kinds of RTE foods was found in April (18.6 %), approximately close to this rate in May (17.0 %). But the isolation rate was seen decrease whenever moved away from these three months and in both directions. There is no significant difference between the isolation of Hp from red meat and months (p>0.05).
Assessment of Spring Water Quality Around Safeen Mountain Area in Iraqi Kurdistan region
The water quality index (WQI) was applied in 10 springs within Erbil governorate, Kurdistan region, in order to certain the quality of water for public consumption. In this study, water quality index was determined based on sixteen Physico-chemical parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, total alkalinity, total hardness, sulfate, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, dissolved oxygen, and biochemical oxygen demand. The relative weight assigned to each parameter ranged from 1 to 5, based on the important parameters for aquatic life and drinking purposes. Because water quality index is one of the most effective tools to communicate information on the quality of water to the concerned citizen and policymakers. The results indicated that the water quality of the springs is good except for site 3 and 9 are poor.
A Systemic Review of Trichomonas Vaginalis in Iraq
Systemic Trichomonas vaginalis is a single celled parasitic protozoan that’s moved by flagella (possess 5 flagella) and its habitat urogenital tract of both sex (female and male) and attached to the vaginal epithelium. It causes vaginitis in female and urethritis in men. This articles deals with the review for the epidemiological studies of this parasitic among different Iraqi province. For this purpose, several studies on Trichomonas vaginalis were collected among different governorates to determine and interpret the infection rates by this parasite. Sources of references including Iraqi academic and scientific journals, journal of Karbala university, International journal of advance research and European Scientific Journal. Research article related to the prevalence of T. vaginals among Iraqi people in period from (2013-2017) from different governorates of Iraq were studied in different cities and villages with different geographic distribution. Results of data analysis reveals the highest rate of infection by this parasite was in Baghdad (85.5%) during 2016 while lowest percentage of infection was (3.1%) in Erbil during 2015. It had concluded that geographical location of Iraqi governorates, population density, Tourist cities, industrial cities, education levels, personal hygiene, variation in the number of both gender throughout the Iraqi governorates and types of parasite diagnostic techniques having a basic role in the determination of the prevalence of the trichomoniasis in Iraq.