2 results for “Contamination”
Effect of Mint Leaves Powder (Mentha sp.) on Fungi Associated with Sunflower Helianthus annus L. Seeds
Sunflower Helianthus annus is one of the economically significant crops. During poor storage conditions, seed-borne fungi develop. As a result, it is polluted with mycotoxins and its quality is reduced for various uses Chemical and non-chemical methods to control fungal contamination were used. The current study examined the fungi associated with local products seeds and the antifungal activity of mint leaves powder (MLP) on seeds-borne isolates. Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Penicillium sp., Pythium sp., Rhizopus sp., Trichoderma sp., were isolated from untreated seeds by moistened chamber method. Mixing MLP with sunflower seeds decreased the number of fungal isolates. Aspergillus, Mucor, Penicillium, Pythium, and Trichoderma disappear from tested seed samples after month. Also the seed germination% increase after mixing with MLP (not significant), it indicates that the treatment did not affect the embryo's vitality, the significant characteristic for the seeds that will be used for planting.
Bacterial Contamination Associated with Mobile Phones: Students at Knowledge University as a Case Study
Bacterial cells adhere to mobile phone surfaces and could form organized colonies. Once the bacteria move to the mobile phone they can live well because these surfaces are hard to clean. This research, included isolation of pathogenic bacteria from mobile phones of Knowledge University students. A total of 100 mobile phones of Knowledge university staff and students were selected for this study. The single sterile swab stick was moistened with sterile normal saline solution and moved over the surfaces of mobile phones. The swab sticks were immediately transported to the laboratory. All swabs were cultured in (Nutrient agar), Then incubated for 24 hours. The obtained bacterial colonies were subjected to Gram stain, and colonial characteristics for their identification. Biochemical Examination for selected colonies has been done. From a total 100 mobile phone swabs. A total of 138 bacterial isolates were recognized as: 47 bacterial colonies of Staphylococcus aureus, 33 bacterial colonies of Staphylococcus epidermidis, 23 bacterial colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 19 bacterial colonies of Escherichia coli, 7 bacterial colonies of Streptococcus spp., 6 bacterial colonies of Bacillus subtilis, 2 bacterial colonies of Neisseria and 1 bacterial colonies of Enterobacter aerogene. The study revealed that bacteria can survive on mobile phones of students and the contaminated mobile phones are able to transport microbes that may be able to produce disease. There is a need for preventive care to reduce the impact of contaminated mobile phones on the spread of microbes and control measures should be applicable for this reason.