SDS-Page Analysis Of Cysticercus tenuicollis In Vitro And In Vivo In Basrah Province/ Southern Iraq
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59480/phahs.v1i2.26Keywords:
Capparis spinosa ; Cysticercus tenuicollis ; SDS-PAGE; Syzygium aromaticum .Abstract
The larval stage Cysticercus tenuicollis was isolated from slaughtered sheep and goats at the Basrah slaughterhouse with 30 samples. In vitro 16 samples, 2 control, and 14 were treated with plant extracts and novel chemical compounds. In vivo 14 sample,1 control and 13 treated with plant extracts and novel chemical compounds.. SDS- page electrophoresis using the gel as separation gel of larval stage Cysticercus tenuicollis. Lanes (C) control, (A) Syzygium aromaticum, (B) Capparis spinosa, novel acylselenourea, i.e., 4-Nitro-N-((4-(N-(pyrimidin-2-yl) sulfamoyl) phenyl) carbamoselenoyl) Benz amide (1), 4-Methyl-N-((4-(N-(pyrimidin-2-yl) sulfamoyl) phenyl) carbamoselenoyl) Benz amide (2), 4-Nitro-N-((4-nitrophenyl) carbamo selenoyl) Benz amide (4), N-(2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-1-carbonoselenoyl)-4-nitrobenzamide (5) and novel acylthiourea 4-Methyl-N-((4-(N-(pyrimidin-2-yl) sulfamoyl phenyl) carbamothioyl) Benz amide (3). The rats were administered plant extracts and synthesis compounds orally via mouth for 15 days, Then the rats were dissected, the cysts were isolated, and their SDS page was measured.The results found in in vitro, all plant extracts, and synthesized compounds bands ranged from 67 to 17KD. In contrast, the protein bands of cysts varied from 67 to 17KD in vivo whereas Capparis spinosa and the synthetic chemical (5) showed no bands. This study recorded a clear effect on protein cotenants of C. tenuicollis which was treated with two plant extracts C. spinosa and S. aromaticum, and five novel chemical synthesized compounds in vitro and in vivo by SDS- PAGE as compared with untreated.
References
(1) Romig T. Epidemiology of Echinococcosis. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2003 ; 388(4): 209-217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00423-003-0413-3. PMid:12937989
(2) De la Rue ML. Cystic Echinococcosis in southern Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo.2008;50(1),53-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0036- 46652008000100012. PMid:18327489.
(3) Grosso G, Gruttadauria S, Biondi A, Marventano S, Mistretta. A. Worldwide epidemiology of liver hydatidosis including the Mediterranean area. World J Gastroenterol.2012 ; 18(13): 1425-1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg. v18.i13.1425. PMid:22509074.
(4) Kaufmann J. Parasitic infections of domestic animals. A diagnostic manual. Switzerland: Birkhauser Verlag Basel.1996.
(5) Abidi, S. M. A.; Nazami, W. A.; Khan, P.; Ahmad, M. and Irshadullah, M. Biochemical characterization of Taenia hydatigena cysticerci from goats and pigs. J. Helminthol. 1989; 63: 333- 337.
(6) Hasshniger, M. A. and Werringhen, R. W. Fecal surveys in pastured sheep and the occurrence of Cysticercus tenicollis in slaughtered sheep. Angew. Parasitol.1988; 29: 227-234.
(7) Dada, B. J. O. & Belion, E. D. Prevalence of hydatidosis and Cysticercosis in slaughtered livestock in Nigeria. Vet. Rec. 1978;103: 311-312.
(8) Nwosu, C. O.; Ogunrinade, A. F.; Fagbemi, B. O. Prevalence and seasonal changes in the gastrointestinal helminthes of Nigerian goats. J. Helminthol.1996; 70: 329-333.
(9) Young, W. K.; Heath, D. D. and Parmeter, S. N. Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia hydatigena, T. ovis; evaluation of cyst fluids as antigen for serodiagnosis of larval cestodes in sheep. N. Z. Vet. J.1978; 26: 231.
(10) Craig, P. S.; Graham, F. M.; Cruse, K. M and Rickard, M. D. Hybridoma antibody immunoassays for the detection of parasitic infection: attempts to produce an immunodiagnostic reagent for a larval Taenid cestode infection. AJEBAK.1980; 58: 339- 350.
(11) Benseghir-Boukhari, L. A., & Seridi, R. Le câprier, une espèce arbustive pour le développement rural durable en Algérie. Méditerranée. Revue géographique des pays méditerranéens/Journal of Mediterranean geography.2007; (109), 101-105.
(12) Bonina F, Puglia C, Ventura D, et al. In vitro antioxidant and in vivo photoprotective effects of a lyophilized extract of Capparis spinosa L. buds. J Cosmet Sci. 2002;53:321-35.
(13) Cortés-Rojas, D. F., C. R. Souza And W. P. J. J. O. F. E. Oliveira. Encapsulation Of Eugenol Rich Clove Extract In Solid Lipid Carriers. J Food Eng, 2014, 127, 34-42.
(14) Anderson L. Diverse applications of nitrones for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Asian J. Org Chem. 2016; 5, 9−30.
(15) Banerjee B. and Koketsu M. Recent developments in the synthesis of biologically relevant selenium-containing scaffolds. Coord Chem Rev.2017; 339, 104–127.
(16) Rosselin M., Choteau F., Zeamari K., Nash K., Das A. and Lauricella R. Reactivities of substituted alpha-Phenyl -N-tert- butyl Nitrones. J Org Chem. 2014; 79, 6615-6626.
(17) Steinbrenner, H., Speckmann, B., & Klotz, L. O. Selenoproteins: Antioxidant selenoenzymes and beyond. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 2016; 595, 113-119.
(18) Douglass, I. B. Acylselenoureas. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 1937; 59(4), 740-742.
(19) Garud, D. R.; Koketsu, M.; Ishihara, H. Molecules 2007, 12, 504.
(20) Haddad, Batool S. Synthesis of New Seleno-Schiff Base Compounds Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq. 2017; 9(20): 25-28.
(21) Essa, I. MAstudy Of Experimental Infection Of Dog's Cestoda Taenia Hydatigena In Labrotary Mice Strain Balb/C M.Sc Thesis, Coll. of Veterinary Medicine. Univ. of Basrah. .(2005).
(22) Hamza,D .MStudying the effect of laboratory injuries on Entamoeba histolytica On White Rats and treat by using some plants extracts. AlQadisiyah University. Al-Qadisiyah,Iraq .(2005) ,94pp.
(23) Wenqiang, G., Shufen, L., Ruixiang, Y., Shaokun, T., and Can, QComparison of essential oils of clove buds extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide and other three traditional extraction methods , Food Chem., .(2007). 101, 1558-1564.
(24) Vogel,A.I. Text book of practical organic chemistry, 3rd ed. Longman, London, (1974).
(25) Swank, Duane D.; Willett, Roger D. "The Crystal Structure of Potassium Selenocyanate". Inorganic Chemistry. (1965). 4: 499– 50. doi:10.1021/ic50026a013
(26) Waterborg, J. H. The Lowry method for protein quantitation. In The protein protocols handbook.2009; (pp. 7-10). Humana Press, Totowa, NJ.
(27) Zhou, B., Lu, Y., Hajifathalian, K., Bentham, J., Di Cesare, M., Danaei, G., ... & Gaciong, Z. Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4• 4 million participants. The lancet. 2016; 387(10027), 1513-1530.
(28) SAS. Statistical Analysis System, User's Guide. Statistical. Version 9.1th ed. SAS. Inst. Inc. Cary. N.C. USA. (2012).
(29) Cary, N. Statistical analysis system, User's guide. Statistical. Version 9. SAS. Inst. Inc. USA. (2012).
(30) Habeeb, F. S., & Mahdi, A. A. Comparative Electrophoretic Studies of Muscles Proteins for Two Species Tilapia zillii and Orochromis aureus in Fresh Water Fishes of Iraq. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2013; 26.
(31) Farhan, H. S., AL-azizz, S. A., & AL-jadaan, S. A.N. Synthesis, Characterization Of Some New Acylselenourea And Acylthiourea Derivatives. Azerbaijan Medical Journal. 2022; ISSN: 0005-2523.
(32) Indira GKV. Prevalence and characterization of Cysticercus tenuicollis of goat origin in Durg, Chhattisgarh. M.V.Sc. Thesis. Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandary, Anjora, Durg.2008; 44-60.
(33) Arunkumar S, Prakash KR, Balamurugan TC, Guru DVP. Electrophoretic analysis of cystic fluid proteins of Cysticercus tenuicollis from goats. CIBTech Journal of Microbiology.2014 ; 3 (4):52-54.
(34) Mcmanus DP. Immunodiagnosis of sheep infections with Echinococcus granulosus: in 35 years where have we come? Parasite Immunology. 2014; 36:125-130.
(35) Miquel J, Khallaayoune K, Azzouz-Maache S, Pétavy A. Spermatological characteristics of the genus Taenia inferred from the ultrastructural study on Taenia hydatigena. Parasitol Res. 2015;114(1):201-208.
(36) Mathur, V.C., Aiyasami, S.S., Latha, B.R., John, L. Western blot analyses of Cysticercus tenuicollis antigens. Ind. J. Anim. Sci.2003; 73: 837-839.
(37) AL-Azizz, S. A. Characterization Of Taenia Hydatigena By Sds-Page Electrophoresis In Basrah City/Southern Iraq.2010.
(38) Kara, M.; Doganay, A. Investigation of Antigenic Specificity against Cysticercus tenuicollis Cyst Fluid Antigen in Dogs Experimentally Infected with Taenia hydatigena. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 2005; 29: 835- 840.
(39) Abuseir, S., Nagel-Kohl, U., & Strube, C. Protein profile of the cysts of Taenia hydatigena, Taenia saginata, Echinococcus granulosus, and Taenia ovis. Human and Veterinary Medicine. 2018; 10(4), 184-188.
(40) Abdul-Jabbar-Mustafa, F. The Effect Of Aqueous And Alcoholic Extract Of Cyperus Longous (Cyperaceae) And Tow Drugs (Tinidazole And Praziquantel) On Killing The Protoscolices Of Echinococcus Granulosus In Vitro. Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research. 2009; 8(1), 108-115.
(41) Abass, M. H., Naema, J. D., & Al-Jabary, K. M. Cadmium and lead-induced genotoxicity in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Barhee. Basrah Journal For Date Palm Research. 2018; 17(1), 0-0.
(42) Attaha, A. H., Mhoder, T. Y., & Abd, A. K. M. Protein Pattern of Phoenix dactylifera Seeded Strains Grown in Basrah Region Using Cluster and Principal Component Analysis. Journal of Plant Studies. 2013; 2(2), 149.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Huda Shakir Farhan, Suzan A. AL-Azizz, Shaker A.N. AL-jadaan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
All PHAHS Journal articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) which allows authors retain copyright and others may not use the material for commercial purposes. A commercial use is one primarily intended for commercial advantage or monetary compensation. If others remix, transform, or build upon the material, they may not distribute the modified material.
Copyright on any research article published by the PHAHS Open Access journal is retained by the author(s). Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
Use of the article in whole or part in any medium requires attribution suitable in form and content as follows: [Title of Article/Author/Journal Title and Volume/Issue. Copyright (c) [year] [copyright owner as specified in the Journal]. Links to the final article on PHAHS website are encouraged where applicable.
The CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Creative Commons Attribution License does not affect the moral rights of authors, including without limitation the right not to have their work subjected to derogatory treatment. It also does not affect any other rights held by authors or third parties in the article, including trademark or patent rights, or the rights of privacy and publicity. Use of the article must not assert or imply, whether implicitly or explicitly, any connection with, endorsement or sponsorship of such use by the author, publisher or any other party associated with the article.